Designing of UASB reactors for Sewage Treatment Plant

Anaerobic treatment of waste water is carried out with help of the Up flow anaerobic sludge reactors (UASB reactors). These reactors are popular and widely used, especially in hot humid regions. In this book we have discussed the designing of conventional up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with modifications of older design for the high efficiency of methane production as well as pollutant degradation capability during anaerobic digestion by treating with sponge bed of bacterial biofilm in the UASB reactors. Antibiotics are used irresponsibly at every opportunity to treat viral and even mild infections. Accordingly, antibiotics have been used in massive amounts in agriculture as a preventive provision against bacterial diseases and to promote the growth of animal feedstock such as poultry, beef and pigs, respectively. Therefore, antibiotics are disposed off through domestic wastewater and these antibiotics are accumulated in various environmental compartment including activated sludge of sewage treatment plant (STP).Thus, better knowledge and more information on the fate of antibiotics as well as the development and spread of antibiotic resistance bacteria and genes in